Kerala is a green strip of land between the Western Ghats and the beaches of the Arabian Sea, clings like a banana leaf to the southwestern coast of the Indian peninsula. It has only 1.1 8 per cent of the total area of the country but houses 3.43% of the country's population. The strip of land found a natural defence inside the hills that sealed off one longitudinal section, leaving it opens to access from the sea alone. Kerala may be divided into three geographical regions (1) high land (2) mid land (3) low land.

Legends speak of Kerala as Parasuramakshetram, 'the land of Parasurama'. The land of Kerala is believed to be a gift of the Arabian Sea. Owing. Sea trade started with the Phoenicians, and in 1000 BC Kerala was visited by King Solomon's ship that traveled to 'Ophir', in all probability the modern Puvar, south of Trivandrum. Then followed the traders from Greece, Rome, Arabia, China, Portuguese who gained right in 1516; the Dutch merchants a stronghold in 1602, and by 1663 the Portuguese were forced out of the area. By 1795, however, the Dutch too had to move out, for the British traders had become the strongest power in India by that time.

Kerala is a land of great natural beauty. From the majestic heights of the Western Ghats the country undulates westward presenting a vista of silent valleys clothed in the richest green. Among the many rivers that glide across the plains to merge their waters with the Arabian Sea, the more important are the Periyar, the Pamba and the Bharatha puzha. The elegant waterfalls at Athirampally near Trichur is a popular tourist spot.

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